LinkedSpending
Government spendings from all over the world as Linked Data
Examples:
LinkedSpending contains government spendings from all over the world as Linked Data. LinkedSpending uses the information collected by the OpenSpending project and makes it available as an RDF knowledge base according to the Linked Data principles. Just follow the examples on the right or discover the data by yourself!
Abstract
Transparency into government spending is in high demand from the public. Open spending data has the power to reduce corruption by increasing accountability and strengthens democracy because voters can make better informed decisions. An informed and trusting public also strengthens the government itself because is more likely to commit to large projects. We present LinkedSpending which provides more than 2 million planned and carried out financial transactions from all over the world from 2005 to 2035 as Linked Open Data. This data is represented in the RDF data cube format and is freely available and openly licensed.
Publications
- LinkedSpending: OpenSpending becomes Linked Open Data by Konrad Höffner, Michael Martin, and Jens Lehmann in Semantic Web Journal
- Question Answering on RDF Data Cubes by Konrad Höffner, PhD thesis.
Vocabularies
Apart from to standard vocabularies such as RDF, RDFS, OWL and XSD, the datasets are modelled, first and foremost, according to the RDF Data Cube vocabulary. LinkedSpending follows the RDF Data Cube recommendation to make heavy use of the model of the Statistical Data and Metadata eXchange (SDMX) initiative for measures, attributes and dimensions. The deep structure of the datasets is very heterogeneous but there are some properties which are commonly specified and thus modelled with established vocabularies. The year and date, a dataset and an observation refer to, respectively, is expressed bysdmx-dimension:refPeriod
and XSD. Dates are handled by the XSD vocabulary, currencies are taken from DBpedia and countries are represented using the vocabulary of
LinkedGeoData, which is the main hub for spatial linked data.
DataCube Ontology
This dataset (http://linkedspending.aksw.org/) was triplified and published by the research group AKSW (Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web) and uses a part of the RDF Data Cube schema visualized in the folowing depiction:
Download the Data
This RDF version of the dataset is published under PDDL 1.0.
If you want to download a dump of the dataset click one of the following items. We will regularily publish new dumps in case that OpenSpending publishes new datasets. The benchmark datacubes will not be updated to guarantee the reproducibility of benchmark results.
- Download LS package 2013-9 (448 MB 7-Zip compressed, 10 GB uncompressed N-Triples files)
- Download LS package 2014-3 (2.1 GB 7-Zip compressed, 25 GB uncompressed N-Triples files)
- Download LS package 2014-3 (351 MB Brotli compressed, 1.3 GB uncompressed HDT file)
- Download LS package 2014-3 (475 MB Gzip compressed, 1.3 GB uncompressed HDT file)
- Download the FinlandAid DataCube used by the CubeQA benchmark (5.5 MB Zip compressed, 92 MB uncompressed N-Triples file)
- Download the 50 DataCubes used by the CubeQA benchmark published as part of the QALD 6 benchmark campaign (173 MB Zip compressed, 3.8 GB uncompressed N-Triples files)